ABSTRACT
Aims: The aim of the study was to know the prevalence, severity, and progression of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) amongthe screened low birth weight (LBW) and preterm babies and to determine how many of these babies require treatment.Methods: Prospective, observational study was done between August 2018 and March 2019. Screening for the presence ofROP and its severity in 588 eyes of 294 infants below 2000 g birth weight and/or period of gestation <34 weeks in SpecialNewborn Care Units. The retinal findings were documented and staging of ROP was determined, based on the InternationalClassification of ROP guidelines. Further follow-up and treatment were done accordingly.Results: In our study, 14.28% of the total numbers of babies screened were found to have different stages of ROP and 6.5%of the total number needed treatment. Among babies with birth weight above 1250 g, screening of 418 eyes of 209 babieswas done, of which 28 eyes of 14 babies were diagnosed as ROP (6.7%). Of which 12 babies received oxygen and 4 babies(8 eyes) required treatment. Among babies with ≤1250 g body weight, screening of 170 eyes of 85 babies was done, of which56 eyes of 29 babies developed ROP (33%), of which 25 babies received oxygen and 15 babies (30 eyes) required treatmentsuch as laser photocoagulation and intravitreal ranibizumab.Conclusion: ROP is emerging as one of the leading causes of irreversible childhood blindness, if not diagnosed and treatedearly. As very LBW babies are increasingly surviving because of the ever-improving perinatal care, the prevalence of ROP isalso increasing. That’s why regular ocular screening and timely intervention of those babies are to be done to prevent permanentblindness. Moreover, the magnitude of the problem in this part of our country will enable us to prepare our infrastructure to tackle it.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP)/rheumatoidfactor (RF) have more extra-articular manifestations.Purpose: We tried to evaluate the magnitude of ocular manifestations in RA patients and to find out whether there is anycorrelation of anti-CCP or RF or disease duration to ocular involvement.Materials and Methods: A total of 288 patients diagnosed as RA with ocular symptoms were evaluated. Drug-induced effectsand cataract were excluded from the study.Results: About 18.1% were male and 81.9% were female. The minimum age was 21 and the maximum was 80 years. Theaverage age was 45.66 years. About 36.8% of patients had ocular manifestations. They were bilateral in 66% of patients.Multiple ocular manifestations were shown in 60.4% of patients. Dry eye was observed in 30.5%, anterior uveitis in 6.25%, andepiscleritis and scleritis in 7.6% each. Anti-CCP was present in 86.8% and RF in 78.5% of patients. The duration of diseasewas found to be statistically significant with respect to the presentation of ocular manifestations. Anti-CCP was found to bestatistically significant with respect to ocular manifestations but statistically insignificant in case of RF. No statistical significancewas found between gender and ocular manifestations.Conclusion: So far, no published Indian study with such large number of patients looked at ocular manifestations of RA correlatingwith disease duration and impact of both anti-CCP and RF at the same time. Our study indicates that patients suffering fromRA with anti-CCP positivity and long duration of disease should be evaluated ophthalmologically.